diff --git a/system/database/DB_driver.php b/system/database/DB_driver.php
index 65ff792..9fcea39 100644
--- a/system/database/DB_driver.php
+++ b/system/database/DB_driver.php
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function escape($str)
 	{
-		if (is_string($str) OR method_exists($str, '__toString'))
+		if (is_string($str) OR (is_object($str) && method_exists($str, '__toString')))
 		{
 			return "'".$this->escape_str($str)."'";
 		}
diff --git a/system/database/DB_query_builder.php b/system/database/DB_query_builder.php
index 3154d14..9bd535b 100644
--- a/system/database/DB_query_builder.php
+++ b/system/database/DB_query_builder.php
@@ -644,17 +644,11 @@
 				? $this->_group_get_type('')
 				: $this->_group_get_type($type);
 
-			if (is_null($v) && ! $this->_has_operator($k))
-			{
-				// value appears not to have been set, assign the test to IS NULL
-				$k .= ' IS NULL';
-			}
-
 			if ( ! is_null($v))
 			{
 				if ($escape === TRUE)
 				{
-					$v = ' '.(is_int($v) ? $v : $this->escape($v));
+					$v = ' '.$this->escape($v);
 				}
 
 				if ( ! $this->_has_operator($k))
@@ -662,6 +656,11 @@
 					$k .= ' = ';
 				}
 			}
+			elseif ( ! $this->_has_operator($k))
+			{
+				// value appears not to have been set, assign the test to IS NULL
+				$k .= ' IS NULL';
+			}
 
 			$this->{$qb_key}[] = array('condition' => $prefix.$k.$v, 'escape' => $escape);
 			if ($this->qb_caching === TRUE)
@@ -2540,7 +2539,7 @@
 	{
 		$str = trim($str);
 
-		if (empty($str))
+		if (empty($str) OR ctype_digit($str) OR (string) (float) $str === $str OR in_array(strtoupper($str), array('TRUE', 'FALSE'), TRUE))
 		{
 			return TRUE;
 		}
@@ -2553,7 +2552,7 @@
 				? array('"', "'") : array("'");
 		}
 
-		return (ctype_digit($str) OR in_array($str[0], $_str, TRUE));
+		return in_array($str[0], $_str, TRUE);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/system/database/drivers/pdo/subdrivers/pdo_pgsql_driver.php b/system/database/drivers/pdo/subdrivers/pdo_pgsql_driver.php
index 21edeeb..803cc24 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/pdo/subdrivers/pdo_pgsql_driver.php
+++ b/system/database/drivers/pdo/subdrivers/pdo_pgsql_driver.php
@@ -110,6 +110,26 @@
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
+	 * "Smart" Escape String
+	 *
+	 * Escapes data based on type
+	 *
+	 * @param	string	$str
+	 * @return	mixed
+	 */
+	public function escape($str)
+	{
+		if (is_bool($str))
+		{
+			return ($str) ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE';
+		}
+
+		return parent::escape($str);
+	}
+
+	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	/**
 	 * ORDER BY
 	 *
 	 * @param	string	$orderby
@@ -311,91 +331,6 @@
 		return $sql.' LIMIT '.$this->qb_limit.($this->qb_offset ? ' OFFSET '.$this->qb_offset : '');
 	}
 
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * WHERE, HAVING
-	 *
-	 * Called by where(), or_where(), having(), or_having()
-	 *
-	 * @param	string	'qb_where' or 'qb_having'
-	 * @param	mixed
-	 * @param	mixed
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @param	bool
-	 * @return	object
-	 */
-	protected function _wh($qb_key, $key, $value = NULL, $type = 'AND ', $escape = NULL)
-	{
-		$qb_cache_key = ($qb_key === 'qb_having') ? 'qb_cache_having' : 'qb_cache_where';
-
-		if ( ! is_array($key))
-		{
-			$key = array($key => $value);
-		}
-
-		// If the escape value was not set will will base it on the global setting
-		is_bool($escape) OR $escape = $this->_protect_identifiers;
-
-		foreach ($key as $k => $v)
-		{
-			$prefix = (count($this->$qb_key) === 0 && count($this->$qb_cache_key) === 0)
-				? $this->_group_get_type('')
-				: $this->_group_get_type($type);
-
-			if (is_null($v) && ! $this->_has_operator($k))
-			{
-				// value appears not to have been set, assign the test to IS NULL
-				$k .= ' IS NULL';
-			}
-
-			if ( ! is_null($v))
-			{
-				if (is_bool($v))
-				{
-					$v = ' '.($v ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE');
-				}
-				elseif ($escape === TRUE)
-				{
-					$v = ' '.(is_int($v) ? $v : $this->escape($v));
-				}
-
-				if ( ! $this->_has_operator($k))
-				{
-					$k .= ' = ';
-				}
-			}
-
-			$this->{$qb_key}[] = array('condition' => $prefix.$k.$v, 'escape' => $escape);
-			if ($this->qb_caching === TRUE)
-			{
-				$this->{$qb_cache_key}[] = array('condition' => $prefix.$k.$v, 'escape' => $escape);
-				$this->qb_cache_exists[] = substr($qb_key, 3);
-			}
-
-		}
-
-		return $this;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Is literal
-	 *
-	 * Determines if a string represents a literal value or a field name
-	 *
-	 * @param	string	$str
-	 * @return	bool
-	 */
-	protected function _is_literal($str)
-	{
-		$str = trim($str);
-
-		return (empty($str) OR ctype_digit($str) OR $str[0] === "'" OR in_array($str, array('TRUE', 'FALSE'), TRUE));
-	}
-
-
 }
 
 /* End of file pdo_pgsql_driver.php */
diff --git a/system/database/drivers/postgre/postgre_driver.php b/system/database/drivers/postgre/postgre_driver.php
index 95cfb97..02db808 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/postgre/postgre_driver.php
+++ b/system/database/drivers/postgre/postgre_driver.php
@@ -337,7 +337,6 @@
 	 * "Smart" Escape String
 	 *
 	 * Escapes data based on type
-	 * Sets boolean and null types
 	 *
 	 * @param	string	$str
 	 * @return	mixed
@@ -632,90 +631,6 @@
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * WHERE, HAVING
-	 *
-	 * Called by where(), or_where(), having(), or_having()
-	 *
-	 * @param	string	'qb_where' or 'qb_having'
-	 * @param	mixed
-	 * @param	mixed
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @param	bool
-	 * @return	object
-	 */
-	protected function _wh($qb_key, $key, $value = NULL, $type = 'AND ', $escape = NULL)
-	{
-		$qb_cache_key = ($qb_key === 'qb_having') ? 'qb_cache_having' : 'qb_cache_where';
-
-		if ( ! is_array($key))
-		{
-			$key = array($key => $value);
-		}
-
-		// If the escape value was not set will will base it on the global setting
-		is_bool($escape) OR $escape = $this->_protect_identifiers;
-
-		foreach ($key as $k => $v)
-		{
-			$prefix = (count($this->$qb_key) === 0 && count($this->$qb_cache_key) === 0)
-				? $this->_group_get_type('')
-				: $this->_group_get_type($type);
-
-			if (is_null($v) && ! $this->_has_operator($k))
-			{
-				// value appears not to have been set, assign the test to IS NULL
-				$k .= ' IS NULL';
-			}
-
-			if ( ! is_null($v))
-			{
-				if (is_bool($v))
-				{
-					$v = ' '.($v ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE');
-				}
-				elseif ($escape === TRUE)
-				{
-					$v = ' '.(is_int($v) ? $v : $this->escape($v));
-				}
-
-				if ( ! $this->_has_operator($k))
-				{
-					$k .= ' = ';
-				}
-			}
-
-			$this->{$qb_key}[] = array('condition' => $prefix.$k.$v, 'escape' => $escape);
-			if ($this->qb_caching === TRUE)
-			{
-				$this->{$qb_cache_key}[] = array('condition' => $prefix.$k.$v, 'escape' => $escape);
-				$this->qb_cache_exists[] = substr($qb_key, 3);
-			}
-
-		}
-
-		return $this;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Is literal
-	 *
-	 * Determines if a string represents a literal value or a field name
-	 *
-	 * @param	string	$str
-	 * @return	bool
-	 */
-	protected function _is_literal($str)
-	{
-		$str = trim($str);
-
-		return (empty($str) OR ctype_digit($str) OR $str[0] === "'" OR in_array($str, array('TRUE', 'FALSE'), TRUE));
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
 	 * Close DB Connection
 	 *
 	 * @return	void